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I. Background
Barangay Lawaan is one of the
fifty (50) rural farming barangays in the City of Gingoog. It is
sixteen kilometers away from the city and is accessible by any type
of land transportation. The barangay has five sitios or puroks and
has a total household number of 197 with a population of 1,004.
The barangay has an estimated
land area of eight hundred hectares. The overall topography can be
described as flat to rolling and most areas are steep. Presently,
the barangay has around 38% or 302 has. of land considered “released”
and privately owned by residents. About 62% or 500 has. are still
classified as forest land.
Farming is the number one
source of livelihood in the barangay. Main crops include coconut,
corn, rice, tiger grass, coffee and banana, which provide income for
the majority. However, while 100% of the population are into
farming, about 22% have other sources of income other than farming.
II. BMFI’s Intervention
It was in the 3rd quarter of
1999 when BMFI extended its mission of helping build empowered
sustainable communities to other upland barangays of Gingoog City.
As an entry point, the idea of the democratic formulation of
Barangay Development Plan through Participatory Rural Appraisal- PRA
was introduced and explained to the various barangay and local
leaders. Among the 11 upland barangays identified and selected,
Barangay Lawaan was one of barangays that expressed their interest
and willingness to embark on a partnership with BMFI.
The first formal activity of
the partnership was conducted last November 10-12, 1999 - the Local
Governance Seminar (LGS). Barangay officials and sectoral leaders
actively participated. Among the salient topics discussed were the
political and legal system, Sustainable Integrated Area Development
program, the power and functions of the barangay and the important
provisions and principles in the Local Government Code. After the
LGS, the barangay spent nine (9) days to formulate the Barangay
Development Plan. For the first time, Barangay Lawaan was able to
collectively draw up their comprehensive barangay profile, their
clearly stated vision, mission, goals, and their 5 year development
plan through consultative and democratic processes. With these
outputs, prioritization of projects that will be included in their
annual operation and investment plans became more focused,
need-based and relevant.
Specific Intervention
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a.
Organizational Development
Community organizing towards
greater and effective community participation was the first concern
of the BMFI-SIADOs (sustainable integrated area development
organizers, or BMFI’s version of COs). It is based on the belief
that capable and cohesive civil society organizations (particularly
the cooperatives and peoples’ organizations) in barangay would
help ensure that the BDCs become real and effective venues for
democratic participation in barangay governance. Thus, PO
strengthening and cooperative development were considered as very
critical key result areas.
BMFI’s community organizing
evolved within the context of the Barangay Development Council,
where community representation takes place. The BDC was another
focus of organizational development interventions since it is the
key body tasked to plan, implement, monitor and evaluate projects.
The BDC should be functional and should guarantee the broad
participation of the basic sectors particularly in planning,
decision-making, monitoring and evaluation of the programs and other
aspects of the community. Various capability building activities and
training were conducted to help the BDC carry out its programs and
strategies.
Cooperative Development was
given attention as one of the priority endeavors of the economic
sector of BDC in order to consolidate and unite all sectors in one
vision, mission, goals and plan in uplifting the economic condition
of the constituents. It is also envisioned that the cooperative
would serve to fuel and accelerate the undertakings of the barangay
particularly in agri-livelihood project. Cooperative as partner in
development is considered as vehicle in resource mobilization and
generation and training ground for more effective future leaders in
the barangay.
Existing People’s
Organizations such as women, CARP-ARBs and CBFM associations are
still part of the continuing strengthening process of the program so
that they can perform their roles in barangay development
particularly in addressing specific sectoral issues such as resource
tenure improvement, women and development, farm technology
development and dissemination and others.
The BMFI-SIADOs do not intend
to stay forever in the barangays. The formation and development of
Local Community Workers such as local community organizers,
paralegals and farmer technicians, and the BDC-PMC development and
formation are part of the sustaining mechanisms of the program. With
this, the barangay is expected to develop a pool of local workers
who are capable and knowledgeable in pursuing the processes and
facilitating the democratic journey of the community in achieving
its vision.
b.
Resource Mobilization and Generation
Resource mobilization and
generation as a strategy plays a crucial role for the realization of
the BDP. There are many forms and styles in resource mobilization
and generation but the more realistic and effective approaches
adopted by Barangay Lawaan are those that give priority to
community-based resource and external resource mobilization.
Community based resource
mobilization is a self-help and community-led resource mobilization.
Community resource counterpart system is one of the most easily
accepted practices in community resource mobilization. In Barangay
Lawaan, small funds from IRA, labor (pahina), and local materials
are usually used as local counterparts. On the other hand LAMPCO
(cooperative) serves as one of the venues for community-based
resources mobilization and generation, where members or non-members
voluntarily contribute cash counterpart in a form of share capital
for agri-livelihood and future projects.
Stakeholders’ Forum
Aside from community based
resource mobilization, the barangay adopted stakeholders’ forum as
a mechanism of fund raising for project funding. It is a forum where
prospective stakeholders – Community or Barangay, representatives
from LGU, NGA/GOs, national and international resource partners and
other NGOs are gathered. The barangay presents its priority projects
and a pledging or commitment session takes place where each
representative is given the opportunity to express their commitment
to the support the barangay’s initiatives.
The first Gingoog
Stakeholders’ Forum was organized in September 2000. Brgy.
Lawaan was one of the 11 participating barangays. It presented 10
priority projects based on its BDP during that occasion. This
activity opened many windows of opportunities for the barangays as
many of the agencies that were invited came and pledged their
support. After the forum, a project proposal was then prepared by
AMPCO and BMFI in cooperation with the BDC and submitted to Lutheran
World Relief, one of the participants in the stakeholders’
forum that pledged to support an agri-livelihood project for the
cooperative. In July 2001, LWR eventually approved the project worth
P1.6M for 2 years with August 1, 2001 as the start up date.
In the year 2001, BMFI
through the CAPP-SIAD program was able to provide a financial
assistance to LAMPCO amounting to P 50,000.00 – fifty thousand
pesos for their micro-lending project as a form of support to the
coop’s internal capital of 25,000.00 pesos.
For physical infrastructures,
the limited fund from IRA was also used as counterpart in order to
implement basic infrastructure projects from LGUs and national
government agencies. BMFI, with the support of CAPP-SIAD,
also extended counterpart funds for the barangay agri-related small
infrastructure such as Solar Drier, Rice & Corn Warehouse and
Community Center amounting P 155,000.00 (pls refer to infra
implemented matrix).
External Resource
mobilization is already practiced by the barangay, not only in a
center-based gathering like stakeholders’ forum, but even in the
various barangay gatherings or activities. One of which was the
Project Launching of DIFS project funded by LWR last August 30,
2001, wherein the barangay invited Congressperson Oscar Moreno,
Mayor Rodriguez, the heads various government agencies and other
NGOs. The occasion became an opportunity for the people to hear the
programs of the various agencies and their specific commitment for
barangay development.
Indeed, the barangay is now
on the process of learning and honing their skills and knowledge in
resource mobilization and generation using their limited funds or
resources as counterparts.
The willingness and
commitment of all stakeholders in the barangay to give their share
to the realization of the projects and undertakings also strengthen
the relationships among the partners and implementors.
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III. Factors
Affecting the Intervention
Helping factors
Strong and open-minded
barangay leaders facilitated a lot in the implementation of the
program. Likewise, the positive response and active involvement of
the residents have given more encouragement to the leaders and the
community in pursuing and protecting the gains of the partnership.
The willingness and commitment of all stakeholders in the barangay
to give their share to the realization of the projects and
undertakings also strengthen the relationships among the partners
and implementors.
The sustained appropriate
support of the city government, the Office of the Congressman,
different line agencies and NGOs/ Funding Agencies indeed helped the
people of Lawaan attain small but meaningful victories that inspire
them to continue their quest for sustainable development of their
barangay.
Hindering factors
The following are some of the
observed hindering factors for barangay development
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a. legal system of the
Philippines – the barangay has an on going case in the Court of
Appeals in their need of acquiring a school site but until now
(almost 2 years) no decision has been made. The barangay cannot
expand its school site development because of land tenurial security
issues.
b. Some government agencies
are inefficient in the processing of CLOA and Certificate of
Stewardship Contract- CSC – CBFM .
c. Limited funds (Internal
Revenue Allotment and Barangay income) – to cater to the basic
services of the barangay.
d. Official Barangay Land
Area is not yet determined – city government has not yet conducted
the barangay boundary survey. The barangay does not have the exact
political boundaries.
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IV. Gains and Learnings
Under the organizational
developmen and resource mobilization interventions the following are
considered as small victories:
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a. The Barangay
Development Council is now organized, strengthened and working
with a clear direction. Regular quarterly meetings are initiated, to
assess and make recommendation for the effective and efficient
implementation. PIMC- project implementing and monitoring team is
also functional.
b. In Cooperative
Development and Strengthening, LAMPCO is growing. The membership
increases to sixty (60) individuals from the original member of 26.
As of now the coop operates a micro-credit project amounting to P
85,000.00 and recently a co-implementers of an ongoing P 1.6 million
DIFS projects funded by LWR. The coop in cooperation with barangay
government is also involved in agricultural development such as
MASIPAG Program Implementation, MASIPAG Rice and Corn Trial Farm
Establishment, Monitoring and Evaluation, and Community
Seed-Banking. At the city level, LAMPCO is a member of CCDC – City
Cooperative Development Council.
c. Local Development
Workers or Community Advocates Formation – As of now the
barangay has total active community advocates of 11 (3-Local Farm
Technicians, 5- Paralegals and 3- Local Community Organizers)
d. Resource Tenure
Improvement – CBFM application has been approved and the CLOA
processing is beginning to move in DAR through the efforts of the
paralegals and concerned POs.
e. Physical Infrastructure
– the following are Barangay Projects for year 2001
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| Project |
Status |
Amount
(Pesos) |
Counterpart |
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Barangay |
PO |
City/Nat'l/Prov. |
BMFI |
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1. Solar Drier |
Accomplished |
155,000.00 |
15,000.00 |
|
10,000.00 |
40,000.00 |
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2. Farm-to-market
Road |
On-going |
500,000.00 |
0 |
|
500,000.00 |
0 |
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3. Day Care Center
Fencing |
Accomplished |
69,688.00 |
69,688.00 |
|
0 |
0 |
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4. Brgy. Hall Fencing |
Accomplished |
83,280.45 |
83,280.45 |
|
0 |
0 |
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5. Circumferential
Road Gravelling |
Accomplished |
200,000.00 |
0 |
|
200,000.00 |
0 |
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6. Construction of
Warehouse |
On-going |
140,000.00 |
30,000.00 |
|
60,000.00 |
50,000.00 |
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7. Community Center |
On
going |
90,000.00 |
10,000.00 |
15,000.00 |
0 |
65,000.00 |
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Total |
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1,237,968.45 |
207,968.45 |
15,000.00 |
770,000.00 |
155,000.00 |
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f. Capability Building
participated by the barangay and POs
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Title of
the Training |
Date
Conducted |
Venue |
No. of Pax |
Participants |
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Participatory Rural Appraisal |
Feb 1-3, 2000 |
Lawaan, GC |
18 |
BDC |
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Barangay Development Planning |
Feb 8-10, 2000 |
Lawaan, GC |
18 |
-do- |
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Participatory Rural Appraisal |
Feb 15-17, 2000 |
Libertad, GC |
23 |
-do- |
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Masipag Orientation &
Trial Farm Establishment |
Aug. 2000 |
Lawaan, GC |
10 |
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Pre-Membership Education
Seminar |
Oct. 2000 |
Lawaan, GC |
53 |
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Soil Analysis Orientation |
Dec. 2000 |
Lawaan, GC |
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SA cooperators |
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Sustainable Agriculture &
X-Site Visit |
March 6-11, 2001 |
Davao Prov. |
3 |
Farm technicians |
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Pre-Membership Education
Seminar |
March 21, 2001 |
Lawaan, GC |
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LAMPCO, LARBA, CBFM org. |
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PO Assessment and Planning |
March 27, 2001 |
Lawaan, GC |
|
LAMPCO |
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Organic Fertilizer Processing
Training |
April 19-20, 2001 |
Lawaan, GC |
22 |
Lawaan Pos, farm tech of
Sangalan (1) and Dinawehan (2) |
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Financial Management Seminar |
May 16-18, 2001 |
Lawaan, GC |
23 |
LAMPCO Officers |
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Community Advocates Basic
Seminar |
June 13-16, 2001 |
St. Paul, CDO |
11 |
Local devt workers
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Basic Paralegal Training |
July 18-20, 2001 |
DeLuxe Hotel, CDO |
5 |
Paralegals of Barangays: |
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Cliniquing at Lawaan |
Sept. 5, 2001 |
Lawaan, GC |
7 |
LAMPCO, paralegals |
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Local Community Organizer |
September 18-20, 2001 |
Manresa, CDOC |
3 |
LCO |
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City-Wide Cliniquing |
Sept. 25, 2001 |
Malibud, GC |
5 |
Paralegals |
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DIFS Orientation (Batch 1) |
Oct. 9-11, 2001 |
Lawaan, GC |
34 |
LAMPCO, LARBA, LWA |
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City-Wide Paralegal
Cliniquing |
October 30, 2001 |
BMFI, GC |
5 |
Paralegals |
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Participatory Project
Monitoring & Evaluation Workshop |
Nov. 14-16, 2001 |
MASS-SPECC, CDO |
2 |
LAMPCO, |
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Life History Workshop |
Nov. 18-23, 2001 |
Sanctuario, CDO |
2 |
LCO |
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DIFS Orientation (Batch 2) |
Nov. 27-28, 2001 |
Lawaan, GC |
35 |
LAMPCO |
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City-Wide Paralegal
Cliniquing |
November 30, 2001 |
BMFI, GC |
4 |
Paralegals |
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BDC Assessment and Planning |
Dec. 5, 2001 |
Lawaan |
20 |
BDC |
V. Learnings and Insights
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a.
PRA-BDP – provides a clear direction towards sustainable
development
b. Community Involvement –
must be considered as a key component of the process of
democratization in barangay governance
c. Sustainable farming advocacy
and technology – plays a crucial role in sustainable
development.
d. Training and seminars –
helps a lot in human and institutional development to
effectively participate in barangay development and
governance.
e. Partnership and “Counterpartism”
– creates ownership and develop self-reliance. It builds
good relationship and respect, through sharing of technologies
and resources. |
VI. Prospects and Plans
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a.
Physical Infrastructure |
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Project |
Amount |
Source |
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1. Farm to Market Road |
2M |
Congressional Fund |
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2. Irrigation (Sitio-New
Bohol) |
1M |
LGU – City |
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3. Repair & Maintenance
Irrigation |
100T |
LGU - City |
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3. Irrigation (Sitio
Domagooc) |
0.5M |
Barangay, NGOs, NGAs |
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b. Lamco - expansion of operation to Agri-Marketing project and
more engagement in Sustainable Agriculture projects
c.
CBFM Program implementation |
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